' *********************************************************************************** ' v20260908 - PIC18 simulation/test utility - by COS - dogflu66@yahoo.es. ' Utility to simplify the creation and verification of characters and symbols for a ' 4-digit LED module based on the VK16K33. The resulting segment mask is displayed ' through both the serial console and a KS0108 GLCD for visual verification. ' *********************************************************************************** ' Hardware tested on the COSKIT23A11 board with a 128x64 KS0108-based GLCD. ' The compiler native GLCD functions are used; operation has been tested up to 8 MHz. ' *********************************************************************************** ' Fuses definition. #define CONFIG1L = 0x00 #define CONFIG1H = 0x38 #define CONFIG2L = 0x1E #define CONFIG2H = 0x3C #define CONFIG3L = 0x00 #define CONFIG3H = 0xBF #define CONFIG4L = 0x80 #define CONFIG4H = 0x00 #define CONFIG5L = 0x0F #define CONFIG5H = 0xC0 #define CONFIG6L = 0x0F #define CONFIG6H = 0xE0 #define CONFIG7L = 0x0F #define CONFIG7H = 0x40 #define CLOCK_FREQUENCY = 8 ' System clock: 8 MHz #define STRING_MAX_LENGTH = 40 #define SINGLE_DECIMAL_PLACES = 1 #define SIMULATION_WAITMS_VALUE = 0 ' Compile for simulation ' ************************************************* ' ************************************************* Include "_Pic18F46K22Lib.bas" Include "CLib.bas" Include "Font_01.bas" ' ************************************************* ' Main: ' Internal oscillator: 8 MHz. Call _Setup_Oscillator(_OSC_8MHz_HF) 'Call _SET_PLL4(_PLL_ON) Call _Interrupts_Mode(_DISABLE_PRIORITY) 'Call _SlewRate(_Disable) 'Enabled by default. ' ************************************************** AllDigital ' Configure I/O TRISA = 0xFF TRISB = 0xFF TRISC = 0xFF TRISD = 0xFF TRISE = 0xFF ' ************************************************** ' GLCD interface configuration (KS0108). Define GLCD_DREG = PORTD Define GLCD_RSREG = PORTB Define GLCD_RSBIT = 4 Define GLCD_EREG = PORTB Define GLCD_EBIT = 5 Define GLCD_RWREG = PORTB Define GLCD_RWBIT = 3 Define GLCD_CS1REG = PORTB Define GLCD_CS1BIT = 1 Define GLCD_CS2REG = PORTB Define GLCD_CS2BIT = 2 ConfigPin RB0 = Output Symbol GLCD_RESET = RB0 GLCD_RESET = 0 WaitMs 10 GLCD_RESET = 1 WaitMs 5 GLcdinit ' Initialize GLCD. WaitMs 5 ' *************************************************** ' CCP5 -> Timer2 -> LATE.2: PWM control for backlight and LEDs. Call _Setup_TMR2(TMRx_ON | TMRx_PRS_16, 255) Call _Setup_CCP5(_ECCP_PWM) ' PWM mode. Call _Setup_CCP_4_5_Timers(_CCP5_TIMER1_TIMER2) Call _set_pwm5_duty(300) TRISE.2 = 0 ' *************************************************** ' RS-232 serial interface. UART1_Init 115200 'UART2_Init 4800 WaitMs 1 ' *************************************************** UART1_Write 0x0C WaitMs 100 UART1_Write "Ready", CrLf WaitMs 100 ' Segment mapping for the tested VK16K33-based module. ' nc = not connected. Const dp = 0x4000 Const _l = 0x2000 Const _m = 0x1000 Const _n = 0x0800 Const _j = 0x0400 Const _h = 0x0200 Const _g = 0x0100 Const _k = 0x0080 Const _p = 0x0040 Const _f = 0x0020 Const _e = 0x0010 Const _d = 0x0008 Const _c = 0x0004 Const _b = 0x0002 Const _a = 0x0001 Dim mask As Word Dim maskStr[6] As String Dim maskbitStr[16] As String Dim INK As Bit Dim i As Byte ' ********************************************************************************** ' ********************************************************************************** ' ********************************************************************************** ' ' 15-segment layout used by the tested LED module. ' ' Physical order of the bits from Bit 15 To Bit 0: ' ' Bit: 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 - 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ' Segment: nc dp l m n j h g - k p f e d c b a ' nc: not connected. ' ' nc-dp-l-m-n-j-h-g - K-p-f-e-d-c-b-a ' ' a ' ******************* ' * * * * * ' * * * * * ' f * g h j * b ' * * * * * ' * * * * * ' ***p*** ***k*** ' * * * * * ' * * * * * ' e * n m l * c ' * * * * * ' * * * * * ' ******************* * dp ' d ' ' *********************************************************************************** ' Example for character "8" (0x00FF): ' 8 -> mask: 0x00FF ' nc dp l m n j h g k p f e d c b a ' 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 maskStr = "0x" + HexStr(mask = _a | _b | _c | _d | _e | _f | _p | _k) ' "8", 0x00FF 'maskStr = "0x" + HexStr(mask = _g | _h | _j | _n | _m | _l | _p | _k) ' "*", 0x3FC0 'maskStr = HexStr(mask = 0x203F) ' "Q" ' Output through the RS-232 serial port. UART_Write "Mask: ", maskStr, CrLf UART_Write "Segments: nc dp l m n j h g k p f e d c b a", CrLf UART_Write "Bits: " maskbitStr = Get_ToBin(mask, 16) CFor (i = 0; i <= 15; ++i) UART_Write maskbitStr(i), " " CNext ' Graphical representation on the GLCD. Draw_Text_HW(0, 0, "Mask: " + maskStr, 1, 1) INK = 1 VK16K33_DrawDigit(0, mask) 'VK16K33_DrawDigit(2, 0x2470) ' "K" 'VK16K33_DrawDigit(3, _f | _e | _p | _j | _l) ' "K" ' *************************************************************************************** ' *************************************************************************************** ' *************************************************************************************** End ' FUNCTIONs '---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ' Virtual digit geometry. Const VK16K33_X0 = 2 Const VK16K33_Y0 = 10 Const VK16K33_X_STEP = 31 Const GLCD_WIDTH = 128 Const GLCD_HIGH = 64 '---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ' Routine: VK16K33_DrawDigit ' Description: Draws a complete virtual digit from a 16-bit VK16K33 segment mask. ' Each active mask bit is drawn and each inactive bit is cleared. ' Inputs: pos = virtual digit position on the GLCD (0..3) ' mask = segment mask using bits 0..14; bit 15 is not connected ' Returns: Byte function used as a procedure; no explicit return value required. '---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function VK16K33_DrawDigit(pos As Byte, mask As Word) As Byte Dim i As Byte For i = 0 To 15 If mask.i = 1 Then INK = 1 Else INK = 0 Endif VK16K33_DrawSegment(pos, i) Next i End Function '---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ' Routine: VK16K33_DrawSegment ' Description: Draws or clears one segment of the virtual digit according to INK. ' Inputs: pos = virtual digit position on the GLCD (0..3) ' segment = segment bit/index (0..14) ' Notes: Segment 15 (nc) is intentionally ignored because it is not connected. '---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function VK16K33_DrawSegment(pos As Byte, segment As Byte) As Byte Dim x As Byte Dim y As Byte x = VK16K33_X0 + pos * VK16K33_X_STEP y = VK16K33_Y0 Select Case segment Case 0 ' a1 a2 VK16K33_HLine(x + 3, x + 12, y + 1) VK16K33_HLine(x + 16, x + 25, y + 1) Case 1 ' b VK16K33_VLine(x + 27, y + 3, y + 23) Case 2 ' c VK16K33_VLine(x + 27, y + 27, y + 47) Case 3 ' d1 d2 VK16K33_HLine(x + 3, x + 12, y + 49) VK16K33_HLine(x + 16, x + 25, y + 49) Case 4 ' e VK16K33_VLine(x + 1, y + 27, y + 47) Case 5 ' f VK16K33_VLine(x + 1, y + 3, y + 23) Case 6 ' p VK16K33_HLine(x + 3, x + 12, y + 25) Case 7 ' k VK16K33_HLine(x + 16, x + 25, y + 25) Case 8 ' g Draw_Line(x + 3, y + 3, x + 12, y + 23) Case 9 ' h VK16K33_VLine(x + 14, y + 4, y + 23) Case 10 ' j Draw_Line(x + 25, y + 3, x + 16, y + 23) Case 11 ' n Draw_Line(x + 3, y + 47, x + 12, y + 28 ) Case 12 ' m VK16K33_VLine(x + 14, y + 27, y + 46) Case 13 ' l Draw_Line(x + 16, y + 28, x + 25, y + 47) Case 14 ' dp VK16K33_HLine(x + 28, x + 29, y + 48) VK16K33_HLine(x + 28, x + 29, y + 49) EndSelect End Function '----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ' Primitive drawing helpers used by the virtual segment display. '----------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function VK16K33_Pixel(x As Byte, y As Byte) As Byte If INK = 1 Then If x < 128 And y < 64 Then GLcdpset x, y Else If x < 128 And y < 64 Then GLcdpreset x, y Endif End Function ' Draws a horizontal line using the current INK state. Function VK16K33_HLine(x1 As Byte, x2 As Byte, y As Byte) As Byte Dim x As Byte If x2 < x1 Then Exit CFor (x = x1; x <= x2; ++x) VK16K33_Pixel(x, y) CNext End Function ' Draws a vertical line using the current INK state. Function VK16K33_VLine(x As Byte, y1 As Byte, y2 As Byte) As Byte Dim y As Byte If y2 < y1 Then Exit CFor (y = y1; y <= y2; ++y) VK16K33_Pixel(x, y) CNext End Function '------------------------------------------------------------------------- ' Routine: Draw_Line ' Draws a line on a graphic LCD using Bresenham ' Inputs: x1,y1 = starting point ' x2,y2 = ending point ' color = ON (1) - OFF (0) to turn each pixel on or off '------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function Draw_Line(x1 As Word, y1 As Word, x2 As Word, y2 As Word) As Byte', color As Bit) As Byte '-----------------------Variable declaration ------------------- Dim dx, dy As Word ' Absolute distances in X and Y Dim incx, incy As Short ' Increment (+1) or decrement (−1) Dim err, diff As Integer ' Decision parameter and helper Dim i As Word ' Loop counter ' Initial values ---------------------------------------------------- incx = 1 ' Assume moving to the right… incy = 1 ' …and downward (usual coordinate system) i = 0 ' Counter start dx = Abs(CInteger x2 - x1) ' ΔX = |x2 − x1| dy = Abs(CInteger y2 - y1) ' ΔY = |y2 − y1| If x1 > x2 Then incx = -1 ' Adjust direction in X If y1 > y2 Then incy = -1 ' Adjust direction in Y '----------------------------Branch 1 --------------------------------- ' Case: slope |m| ≤ 1 → X is the dominant axis If dx >= dy Then dy *= 2 ' Avoid fractions: 2·dy err = dy - dx ' Initial error P = 2·dy - dx diff = err - dx ' diff = P - dx = 2·dy - 2·dx CFor (i = 0; i <= dx; ++i) ' Iterate for as many steps as ΔX 'ST7920_Pixel(x1, y1, color) ' Draw current pixel VK16K33_Pixel(x1, y1) 'FB_Pixel(x1, y1, color) If err < 0 Then ' Still below the ideal line err += dy ' Correct error with 2·dy only x1 += incx ' Move 1 px in X Else ' We cross/touch the ideal line err += diff ' Correct with (2·dy - 2·dx) x1 += incx ' Move 1 px in X y1 += incy ' Move 1 px in Y Endif CNext '----------------------------Branch 2 --------------------------------- ' Case: slope |m| > 1 → Y is the dominant axis Else dx *= 2 ' 2·dx to avoid division err = dx - dy ' P = 2·dx - dy diff = err - dy ' diff = 2·dx - 2·dy CFor (i = 0; i <= dy; ++i) ' Iterate for as many steps as ΔY 'ST7920_Pixel(x1, y1, color) ' Draw pixel VK16K33_Pixel(x1, y1) 'FB_Pixel(x1, y1, color) If err < 0 Then ' Still within the error band err += dx ' Correct with 2·dx y1 += incy ' Move 1 px in Y Else err += diff ' Correct with (2·dx - 2·dy) x1 += incx ' Also move in X y1 += incy ' …and in Y Endif CNext Endif End Function '------------------------------------------------------------------------ ' Routine: Draw_Text_HW ' Prints a string on the GLCD while allowing independent ' “zoom” factors for width (horizontal) and height (vertical). ' ' Inputs: text_Str[] → ASCII text (max. 40 characters) ' x , y → upper-left corner of the first character ' height → vertical scale factor (1 = 5×7 normal) ' width → horizontal scale factor (1 = 5×7 normal) ' color → pixel state: ON (1) - OFF (0) ' ' Returns: Return.HB → X coordinate of the last pixel drawn ' Return.LB → Y coordinate of the last pixel drawn '------------------------------------------------------------------------ Function Draw_Text_HW(x As Byte, y As Byte, text_Str[40] As String, height As Byte, width As Byte) As Word '----------------- Working variables ------------------------ Dim i As Byte ' column 0..4 (+ sep col=5) Dim row As Byte ' row 0..6 (row 7 = spacing) Dim k As Byte ' vertical zoom counter Dim xx As Byte ' horizontal repeat counter Dim sepW As Byte ' separator width (6th column) Dim charW As Byte ' total char width incl. separator Dim nchar As Byte ' string index Dim colByte As Byte ' current 5x7 column (in 8 bits) Dim yc As Byte ' current Y Dim x0 As Byte ' base X for current char Dim XY As Word ' return value (HB=X, LB=Y) Dim pixelMask(6) As Byte ' 5 glyph columns + 1 separator (=0) Dim width_Cpy As Byte ' Normalize zooms (min = 1) If height = 0 Then height = 1 If width = 0 Then width = 1 width_Cpy = width ' If x/y already outside, exit If x >= GLCD_WIDTH Or y >= GLCD_HIGH Then XY.HB = x XY.LB = y ReturnValue XY Exit Endif ' Character loop nchar = 0 While text_Str(nchar) <> 0 ' Load glyph (5 cols) or leave blank if non-printable If text_Str(nchar) <= "~" Then For i = 0 To 4 pixelMask(i) = Font_01(text_Str(nchar), i) Next i Else For i = 0 To 4 pixelMask(i) = 0 Next i Endif pixelMask(5) = 0 ' 6th col = separator ' Narrow chars (., :, -, space) If text_Str(nchar) = "." Or text_Str(nchar) = ":" Or text_Str(nchar) = "-" Or text_Str(nchar) = " " Then width = 1 ' only one pixel-column Else width = width_Cpy Endif ' Separator width & total char width If width <= 2 Then sepW = 1 Else sepW = 2 charW = CByte(5 * width + sepW) ' Line break if char doesn’t fit If x + charW >= GLCD_WIDTH Then x = 0 y = y + (7 * height) + 1 If y >= GLCD_HIGH Then XY.HB = x XY.LB = y ReturnValue XY Exit Endif Endif ' Draw 5 columns + separator x0 = x For i = 0 To 5 Dim colRepeats As Byte If i = 5 Then colRepeats = sepW colByte = 0 Else colRepeats = width colByte = pixelMask(i) colByte.7 = 0 Endif ' Repeat horizontally For xx = 1 To colRepeats ' Rows 0..6 (row 7 = vertical spacing) For row = 0 To 6 '7 yc = y + row * height For k = 0 To (height - 1) If x < GLCD_WIDTH And yc < GLCD_HIGH Then If colByte.row Then INK = 1 VK16K33_Pixel(x, yc) 'FB_Pixel(x, yc, colByte.row) Else INK = 0 VK16K33_Pixel(x, yc) 'FB_Pixel(x, yc, !colByte.row) Endif Endif yc = yc + 1 Next k Next row 'If x < 255 Then x = x + 1 ' next subcolumn ++x Next xx Next i nchar = nchar + 1 ' next character Wend ' Return last position reached XY.HB = x XY.LB = y + (7 * height) ReturnValue XY End Function